Search results for " inhomogeneity"

showing 10 items of 10 documents

Barrier inhomogeneity in vertical Schottky diodes on free standing gallium nitride

2019

Abstract In this paper, the electrical behavior of a Ni/Au Schottky barrier on free standing GaN has been studied employing a variety of techniques and correlated with the material and interface quality. The temperature dependence of the ideality factor (n) and of the Schottky barrier height (ΦB) revealed a spatial inhomogeneity of the barrier. This behavior has been described by means of the Tung's model on inhomogeneous Schottky barriers. The origin of the barrier inhomogeneity can be likely associated to the surface quality of the GaN epilayer or to microstructure of the Ni/GaN interface.

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMechanical EngineeringSchottky barrierSchottky diodeGallium nitride02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructure01 natural sciencesFree standing GaNchemistry.chemical_compoundQuality (physics)chemistryMechanics of MaterialsNi/GaN interface0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceBarrier spatial inhomogeneity0210 nano-technologySchottky barrier
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Hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra in healthy controls is related to MRI changes and to neuronal loss as determined by F-Dopa PET

2009

Abstract Transcranial ultrasound (TCS) has been shown to reveal hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra (SN) in Parkinsonian patients and in about 10% of healthy controls. It is hypothesized that SN hyperechogenicity in healthy subjects is a vulnerability marker for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Although there is strong evidence that the echomarker results from increased local iron content, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Thus, prognostic impact can only be estimated. We examined 14 subjects with SN hyperechogenicity (SN+) (7 IPD patients and 7 controls) and 7 healthy controls without the echomarker (SN−) by a magnetic resonance imaging meth…

AdultMalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyCognitive NeuroscienceSubstantia nigraReference ValuesmedicineHumansNeuronsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryTissue inhomogeneityHealthy subjectsParkinson DiseaseMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle AgedEchoencephalographyMagnetic Resonance ImagingPathophysiologyDihydroxyphenylalanineTranscranial DopplerSubstantia NigraNeurologyPositron-Emission TomographyT2 relaxationIron contentFemaleRadiopharmaceuticalsbusinessNeuroImage
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Illumination Correction on MR Images

2006

Objective. An important artifact corrupting Magnetic Resonance Images is the rf inhomogeneity, also called bias artifact. This anomaly produces an abnormal illumination fluctuation on the image, due to variations of the device magnetic field. This artifact is particularly strong on images acquired with a device specialized on upper and lower limbs due to their coil configuration. A method based on homomorphic filtering aimed to suppress this artifact was proposed by Guillemaud. This filter has two faults: it doesnt provide an indication about the cutoff frequency (cf) and introduces another illumination artifact on the edges of the foreground. This work is an improvement to this method because i…

Artifact (error)Computer sciencebusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONHealth InformaticsFilter (signal processing)Critical Care and Intensive Care MedicineMagnetic Resonance ImagingCutoff frequencyMagnetic fieldAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineHomomorphic filteringBiasElectromagnetic coilIntensive careMagnetic Resonance Image MRI bias artifact illumination rf inhomogeneity homomorphic filter.Image Processing Computer-AssistedHumansKneeComputer visionArtificial intelligenceAnomaly (physics)businessAlgorithmsJournal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing
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Quantificação das estruturas de fluxo sin-magmáticas do Plutão de Vila Pouca de Aguiar: uma ferramenta para a quantificação estrutural e da qualidade…

2014

Mineral distribution pattern of Variscan post-tectonic granites from Vila Pouca de Aguiar Pluton (NE Portugal) were analyzed with methods partially based on fractal geometry and, with respect to rock inhomogeneity and anisotropy. The result of the analysis provides information about magmatic flux and mineral equilibrium processes in a crystallizing magma chamber. In addition, the used methods may also provide important information for the ornamental rock industry, because they allow fast and automatic evaluation of economic rock parameters.

Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do AmbienteMORFAFROSTRock qualityMap-countingQualidade da rochaPadrões de heterogeneidade e de anisotropia:Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente [Ciências Naturais]Patterns of inhomogeneity and anisotropy
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Effect of RF Field Inhomogeneity and Sample Restriction on Spectral Resolution of CP/MAS-13C NMR Spectra of Natural Organic Matter

2010

It is well known that the induced B1 magnetic field in an NMR coil is inhomogeneously distributed. However, this issue has so far received little attention in the field of environmental NMR. As this research field often aims at quanti- tative results as well as relaxation phenomena, the repercussions of such inhomogeneity on peak integrals and relaxation times need to be taken into account. The objective of the present study was to test standard recording conditions on different sample positions in an NMR coil in order to determine the effect of the RF field inhomogeneity on the spectrum of a molecularly complex humic material and on some standard molecules of known structure and conformati…

Field (physics)Electromagnetic coilChemistryCP/MAS 13C-NMR RF field inhomogeneity physical sample restriction natural organic matter signal response profileSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaRelaxation (NMR)Resolution (electron density)Analytical chemistryMoleculeCarbon-13 NMRMolecular physicsSpectral lineMagnetic fieldThe Open Magnetic Resonance Journal
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Analysis of Fiber Inhomogeneity Using Time-Resolved Acousto-Optic Interaction

2013

Workshop on Specialty Optical Fibers and their Applications 2013, Sigtuna Sweden, 28–30 August 2013

Mode volumeMaterials scienceOptical fiberbusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technologyGraded-index fiberlaw.inventionFiber Inhomogeneity020210 optoelectronics & photonicsFiber Bragg gratinglawFiber optic sensor0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOptoelectronicsDispersion-shifted fiberAcousto-optic interactionElectrónicaElectronicsbusinessPhotonic-crystal fiber
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Quantification of synmagmatic flow structures: a tool for Rock Quality Evaluation

2013

The result of the analysis using methods based on fractal geometry provides information about magmatic flux directions and mineral equilibrium processes in the crystallizing magma chamber. Additionally, the used methods may also provide important information for the rock industry, because they allow a fast and automatically evaluation of rock quality.

Rock Quality EvaluationPattern inhomogeneity and anisotropyMORFACiências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do AmbienteMap-Counting method
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Homomorphic Approach to RF-Inhomogeneity Removal Based on Gabor Filter

2007

In this paper a bias correction algorithm for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is presented. The magnetic resonance (MR) images affected by this artifact, also called RF-inhomogeneity, exhibit irregular spatial brightness variations caused by magnetic field inhomogeneity. Here we present an original algorithm based on E2D - HUM, already proposed by some of the authors, where a modified Gabor filter is introduced in the elaboration chain to provide directional capabilities to suppress the artifact. The process of restoration doesn't care about the structure of the image and it has been applied to MR images of different parts of body like knee, abdomen, pelvis and brain. A comparison with oth…

Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniBrightnessArtifact (error)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputer scienceProcess (computing)Homomorphic encryptionBias artifactGabor filterMagnetic resonance imagingMagnetic fieldIntensity correctionRF inhomogeneityGabor filtermedicineComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessImage restorationIllumination correction
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The inhomogeneous mechanical behaviour of Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurism (ATAA)

2017

Surgical management of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (aTAAs) relies on maximum diameter, growth rate, and presence of connective tissue disorders. The surgical decision however is often not considering that dissection and rupture do occur in patients who do not meet criteria for surgical repair [1,2]. In this study the authors aim to investigate the mechanical properties of aTAAs to be implemented in computational biomechanics models for a preclinical risk evaluation. Additionally, in some recent studies, some data about the biomechanical properties of the aTAAs have been reported [3], but without any relation to bicuspidal or tricuspidal aTAA. The aim of this study was to investigate…

aTAA biscuspital-triscuspital inhomogeneity Constitutive Model
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The structural disorder of a silica network probed by site selective luminescence of the nonbridging oxygen hole centre

2011

We studied the inhomogeneous distribution of the luminescence band associated with the nonbridging oxygen hole centre in silica through site selective excitation/detection of the zero phonon line by a tunable laser source. Defects induced in the bulk of synthetic samples by γ and β exposure exhibit an increase of the inhomogeneous width from 0.071 to 0.086 eV on increasing the irradiation dose from 2 × 10(6) to 5 × 10(9) Gy. We also investigated two defect variants stabilized at the surface of the silica nanoparticles, (≡ Si-O)3 Si–O* and (≡ Si-O)2(H-O)Si-O*, whose inhomogeneous width was measured to be 0.042 eV and 0.060 eV, respectively. These results can be accounted for by the structura…

silica inhomogeneity luminescenceCoordination spherePhotoluminescenceChemical bondPhononChemistryAnalytical chemistryDangling bondGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationCondensed Matter PhysicsLuminescenceExcitation
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